ndia and Brazil have signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in critical minerals and rare earth elements, marking a significant step toward strengthening strategic economic ties between the two countries. The agreement was finalised after talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in the national capital.

Addressing a joint briefing, Modi described the pact as a “major step in building a resilient supply chain,” adding that cooperation in defence and other strategic sectors is steadily expanding. Both nations also discussed expanding collaboration in pharmaceuticals, with India expected to increase supply of affordable medicines to Brazil.

Officials said the partnership aims to secure access to key raw materials required for electronics, renewable energy and advanced manufacturing industries. The agreement reflects growing alignment between the two countries on economic security and technological development.

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